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The Effect of Sugarcane Portions and Varieties on Growth, Yield and Quality of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. L) in Western Ethiopia
Rebuma Gutu,
Teshome Gutu,
Kinde Lamessa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
75-82
Received:
8 August 2023
Accepted:
4 September 2023
Published:
8 October 2023
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted from January2020 to February 2021 at Finchaa Sugar Factory with the objective of to investigate the effect of sugarcane portion and varieties on the growth, yield and quality of sugarcane. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications in factorial combination of four sugarcane varieties (B80-250, C86-56, C90-501, and C132-80) and three sugarcane portions (top, middle and bottom). Analysis of variance showed that tillering, plant height, number of internodes per stalk, sugarcane height, sugarcane diameter, brix %, pol %, purity % and recoverable sucrose % were highly significantly (p<0.01) affected by sugarcane varieties and plant population significantly (p<0.05) affected by sugarcane varieties. The highest tiller (175441ha-1), number of internodes per stalk (18.33), sugarcane diameter (28.56mm) and plant population (107088 ha-1) were obtained from variety C132-80. But the highest plant height (205.03cm) and sugarcane height (187.89cm) were obtained from variety B80-250. Percent of germination was highly significantly (P<0.01) affected by the interaction of main effects. The highest percent of germination (65%) was obtained from the combination of variety C132-80 and the top portion of sugarcane. Tillering, plant population and sugarcane diameter were highly significantly affected by sugarcane portion. The highest tiller (171552ha-1), Plant Population (108885 ha-1) were recorded from top sugarcane portion but the highest sugarcane diameter (27.67 ha-1) was obtained from the bottom sugarcane portion. A number of millable canes, cane yield and sugar yield were significantly (p<0.05) affected by sugarcane varieties. The highest number of millable canes (106255) and sugarcane yield (112.44 t/ha) was obtained from variety C132-80. However the highest sugar yield (13.00 t/ha and 12.98t/ha) was obtained from varieties C86=56 and C132-80 respectively. Sugarcane portion had significant effect on number of millable canes. The highest number of millable canes (108063) was obtained from the top sugarcane portion. The sugarcane variety C132-80 took dominance over the counterpart varieties (B80-250, C86-56, and C90-501) in germination %, tillering capacity, stalk population, cane diameter, number of millable canes, and sugar yield. C86-56 also showed better sugar yield. Therefore top sugarcane portion and variety of C132-80 and C86-56 are suitable for sugarcane production at Finchaa sugar factory.
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted from January2020 to February 2021 at Finchaa Sugar Factory with the objective of to investigate the effect of sugarcane portion and varieties on the growth, yield and quality of sugarcane. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications in factorial combination of four sugarcane varieties (B80-250, C86-5...
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Research Article
Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Head Cabbage Producer Farmers in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Asfaw Negesse Senbeta*,
Beriso Bati Bukul,
Shimalis Gizachew Daselegn,
Yassin Esmael Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
83-92
Received:
29 October 2023
Accepted:
14 November 2023
Published:
29 November 2023
Abstract: This study investigated technical efficiency head cabbage produce farmers in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 117 respondents randomly selected from Shashamane and Kofale districts in West Arsi Zone. A stochastic production frontier function was fitted to the sample households. The result revealed that the mean Technical efficiency, head cabbage was 77.10 percent. The sum of the partial elasticity of all inputs head cabbage production was 1.513 that indicates an increase in all inputs at the sample mean by one percent increase head cabbage production by 1.513 percent. This indicates that the production function is characterized by increasing returns to scale. The mean head cabbage yield difference between sample farmers due to technical efficiency variation was 76.56 quintal per hectare. The result of Tobit model estimation indicated that technical efficiency of Head cabbage production was significantly and positively influenced by head cabbage farming experience, education level, extension contact and market information while distance to all-weather road affect it negatively. District office of Agriculture, stockholders and concerned bodies should focus on farmers’ experience sharing, providing technical support on production and management as well as farmers should practice different social participation jointly contribute to improve technical efficiency of Head cabbage producer farmers in West Arsi Zone.
Abstract: This study investigated technical efficiency head cabbage produce farmers in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 117 respondents randomly selected from Shashamane and Kofale districts in West Arsi Zone. A stochastic production frontier function was fitted to the sample households. T...
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Research Article
Performance Evaluation of Drought Tolerant Hybrid Maize (Zea mays) Varieties in East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
Zeleke Legesse*,
Jifara Gudeta,
Fikadu Tadesse,
Birhanu Diribsa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
93-96
Received:
23 August 2023
Accepted:
21 September 2023
Published:
6 December 2023
Abstract: Maize is one of a major crop in Ethiopia in production, consumption and income generation for both resource constrained men and women. The experiment was conducted moisture deficit areas of East Hararghe namely Fadis and Erer in 2019/20 and 2020/21 cropping seasons. The study was done with the objectives of to evaluate the performance of hybrid maize varieties for their adaptability, stability, high yielder and to recommend variety/ies for the study areas and similar agro-ecologies. The experiment was conducted with randomly complete block design with four replications. The analysis of variance revealed the significance variation of hybrid maize varieties for the traits evaluated. The variety Damote (182.9 cm) had the tallest in plant height which is not significant different from varieties, MH-140 and MH-138 with a mean value of 172.1, 169.8 cm respectively. MH-140 variety had the highest grain yield (72.78 Qtha-1), while Melkasa-4 had the lowest grain yield (32.45 Qtha-1). Thus, it can be concluded that hybrid maize varieties MH-140 and MH-138 resulted in best results in terms of yield and yielding component across the study areas. Therefore, for sustainable maize production in the study area these varieties had been recommended and need to be demonstrated with available local varieties to users along with their improved production packages.
Abstract: Maize is one of a major crop in Ethiopia in production, consumption and income generation for both resource constrained men and women. The experiment was conducted moisture deficit areas of East Hararghe namely Fadis and Erer in 2019/20 and 2020/21 cropping seasons. The study was done with the objectives of to evaluate the performance of hybrid mai...
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Review Article
Status of Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] Industry; Research Attainments, and Future Scenarios in Ethiopia: A Review
Mohammedsani Zakir*,
Melaku Addisu,
Desalegn Alemayehu,
Dawit Merga,
Lemi Beksisa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
97-105
Received:
4 October 2023
Accepted:
8 November 2023
Published:
6 December 2023
Abstract: Tea is one of the most popular cash crop and lowest cost beverages in the world, and consumed more than three billion cups daily worldwide. It is a new crop to Ethiopia which introduced in the early 19th century. The main objectives of government commencement to a tea industry were to be self-sufficient in domestic consumption and save the foreign exchange spent for importing, to supply for export market by increasing the production and quality through time and, to create employment opportunity particularly for youth and women who involved in the sector. Currently, fourteen tea clones are available in the country of which ten clones are extensively cultivated while the others are under maintenance for genetic improvement purposes. As future focus area of tea research at Jimma Agricultural Research Center, the improvement of tea yield, cup quality, and resistance to pests are among the prominent breeding programs. This could be achieved through the use of conventional and molecular techniques which are the best methods of obtaining genetic variation, and new varieties. From the research efforts made so far, the characterization of thirteen tea clones for desirable morphological traits and important biochemical parameters have been undertaken under contrasting environments, and potential tea clones that could be utilized in various breeding objectives have been determined. The future prospects of tea breeding and genetics include, genetic enhancement via developing open pollinated progeny and purposive crossing manually, and application of molecular marker assisted technique to effectively conduct early-stage appraisal. Generally, integrated classical with molecular breeding is highly recommended in the future tea research in order to cope up the current technology demand and generate climate smart varieties.
Abstract: Tea is one of the most popular cash crop and lowest cost beverages in the world, and consumed more than three billion cups daily worldwide. It is a new crop to Ethiopia which introduced in the early 19th century. The main objectives of government commencement to a tea industry were to be self-sufficient in domestic consumption and save the foreign ...
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Research Article
Effect of Foliar Application of Boron on Water Stress Tolerance in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.)
Soumaila Sounakoye Illiassa*,
Daouda Ousmane Sani,
Mounkaila Boureima Mouhamadou,
Sani Daouda Abdou Razak,
Lawali Maman Nassourou,
Mouhamadou Adamou Nassirou,
Zangui Hamissou
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
106-112
Received:
17 November 2023
Accepted:
5 December 2023
Published:
18 December 2023
Abstract: Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is presented as one of the best tolerant cereal to abiotic stress. It is an essential component of food security in arid and semi-arid environments like Niger country. However, it is facing increasingly difficulties to withstand the effects of recent climate change. Pearl millet is exclusively cultivated on the coarse textured soils with poor moisture retention capacity and low soil fertility. In addition, the irregularity of rains and the lack of means for additional irrigation have a negative impact on crop productivity and food security for populations. The agricultural production system in Niger is characterized by permanent nutrients export from soil, without equivalent restitution. The very low chemical fertilization, when it exists, concerns the macro-elements (NPK) but never the micro-elements. In view of the eminently important role of these microelements in the plant physiology, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of boron foliar spray on yield and yield components of pearl millet under drought stress conditions. The field experiment was conducted with 36 treatment combinations, with six genotypes of pearl millet, three levels of boron and two water regimes in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The source of boron was boric acid which content 17.7% boron. The results showed substantial increases in pearl millet growth parameters and yield in water stress condition, after foliar application of Boron. This micro-element contributed to significant changes in growth parameters, especially those related to water use efficiency such as root system development. This work highlights the need to correct fertilization formulas in arid and semi-arid areas, taking into account microelements such as boron.
Abstract: Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is presented as one of the best tolerant cereal to abiotic stress. It is an essential component of food security in arid and semi-arid environments like Niger country. However, it is facing increasingly difficulties to withstand the effects of recent climate change. Pearl millet is exclusively cultivate...
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