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Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Under Drought Stress Conditions
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
120-126
Received:
11 July 2022
Accepted:
9 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.11
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Abstract: Seed yield is complex traits considered as ultimate product of it components, hence the knowledge of interrelationship between contributing characters and seed yield is pre-requisite to plan meaningful crop improvement program. A total of 64 bread wheat genotypes were planted at Werer Agricultural Research Center during 2019/20 to assess genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients and their direct and indirect effects on grain yield. Under optimum condition biomass yield, harvest index, fertile tiller plant-1 and spike length showed positive and highly significant correlation with grain yield at genotypic and phenotypic level. Under stress condition biomass yield, harvest index, fertile tiller plant-1, number of spikelets spike-1 and spike length showed positive and highly significant correlation with grain yield at genotypic and phenotypic level. This positive correlation could be resulted from the presence of common genetic elements that controls the characters to the same direction. Under optimum condition, biomass yield (0.864) followed by harvest index (0.627) exerted the highest positive direct effect on grain yield at genotypic level. At phenotypic level biomass yield (0.819) followed by harvest index (0.626) exerted strong positive direct effect on grain yield. Under stress condition biomass yield (0.784) and harvest index (0.405) exerted highest positive direct effect on grain yield. Biomass yield (0.765) exerted positive and highest direct effect on grain yield, whereas harvest index (0.214) exerted moderate positive direct effect on grain yield at phenotypic level under stress condition. The result indicates any genetic improvement on those traits could improve grain yield.
Abstract: Seed yield is complex traits considered as ultimate product of it components, hence the knowledge of interrelationship between contributing characters and seed yield is pre-requisite to plan meaningful crop improvement program. A total of 64 bread wheat genotypes were planted at Werer Agricultural Research Center during 2019/20 to assess genotypic ...
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Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Seed Emergence and Seedling Growth Rate Responses to Different Pot Size and Biochar Based Nursery Media Preparation at Awada South Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
127-131
Received:
4 July 2022
Accepted:
6 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.12
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Abstract: Coffee production is essentially based on the production of quality seedlings with the desirable shoot and root growth at appropriete time of transplanting. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of pot size and biochar based rooting media composition on the coffee seedling emergence rate and relative growth rate. The experiment was laid out in a factorial experiment arranged in RCBD with three replications. The treatment combination included four levels of pot size (P1=7x13cm, P2=10x16cm, P3=13x19cm and P4=16x22cm) and five biochar to topsoil ratios (0:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 v/v). All emergence percentage, emergence rate and also seedling relative growth rate data were collected aproprietely and computed using SAS software. Treatment means separation was canducted by using LSD at 5%. Biochar application was highly (P=0.0001) accelerated coffee seed emergency rate. The highest value (0.33) emergence rate also recorded from one to one (1:1) biochar to topsoil ratio while the lowest for topsoil alone or 2gDAP/seedling. However, significantly (P=0.014) higher relative growth rate (0.83 mg/g/day) were found in the 16x22cm pot size interacted with one to four (1:4) biochar to top soil ratio followed by the seedling grow in 13x19cm and the same ratio of biochar to top soil. On the other hand, the lowest value of relative growth rate (0.64 mg/g/day) was recorded under (7x13cm) pot size without any amendments. Therefore, biochar based nursery media preparation is the best option to accelerate the coffee seedling emergence and seedling relative growth rate at a lower ratio of biochar that provides alternative enhancement media options to speed up coffee seedling growth rate.
Abstract: Coffee production is essentially based on the production of quality seedlings with the desirable shoot and root growth at appropriete time of transplanting. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of pot size and biochar based rooting media composition on the coffee seedling emergence rate and relative growth rate. The experimen...
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Plant Diversity and Distribution Patterns Around Shrine of Peer Patang in District Mianwali, Punjab-Pakistan
Allah Nawaz Khan,
Hamid Aziz Khan,
Sidra Perveen,
Esraa El Saeed Ibrahim Ammar
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
132-135
Received:
21 July 2022
Accepted:
16 August 2022
Published:
29 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.13
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Abstract: The problem of the area of flora identification in a particular territory is one of the most difficult and little discussed. Flora as a list of species of higher vascular plants is inextricably linked with two most important parameters: the size of the territory (in sq. km) and the number of species. The number of species must be sufficient to represent the main features of the flora for the climatic zone and local characteristics. Plant identification of specific area is necessary because it provides basic knowledge to know about plant environmental behavior, their adaptation, and their growing season under the changeable climate conditions. This study aims to identify new species establishment around Shrine of Peer Patang in District Mianwali, Punjab-Pakistan, where this area has an unique floral diversity due to its geographical location near the river Indus, thus there is a huge gap of flora documentation there. Fifty plant species were recorded, belonged to 37 genera and 21 Families. Poaceae was the most represented family, while Acacia, Cenchrus, Cyperus were the most represented genera. Wetlands, rangelands were the most enriched habitats. Plants distribution differed between habitats due to the different soil composition. It is concluded that the Indus river had a great impact on soil quality and plant distribution patterns. These findings provide that the high fertile soil in this area will lead to elevation of plant diversity, so this will support the sustainable development there.
Abstract: The problem of the area of flora identification in a particular territory is one of the most difficult and little discussed. Flora as a list of species of higher vascular plants is inextricably linked with two most important parameters: the size of the territory (in sq. km) and the number of species. The number of species must be sufficient to repr...
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Growth and Yield Performance Evaluation of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Varieties in Adola Rede District, Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Aschalew Emire,
Sintayo Demise,
Temesgen Giri,
Wakeyo Tadele
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
136-142
Received:
19 July 2022
Accepted:
8 August 2022
Published:
29 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.14
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Abstract: The study was conducted in Adola Rede District, Guji Zone, in Southern Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to evaluate Mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties for their vegetative growth and yield performance. The treatments consisted of four mango varieties and the trial was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. A plot size of 10mx6m was used and each plot consisted of two rows of grafted mango seedlings. On each row three grafted mango seedlings were planted and each plots had six mango trees. This study showed that, regarding vegetative growth parameters significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed between mango varieties. Based on their survival rate, Keitt variety was significantly higher than the others and the least survival rate was recorded from Apple mango variety. Significantly the tallest tree height (4.693m) was recorded from Kent variety followed by Tommy Atkins (3.557m). Whereas, the shortest tree height was recorded from Keitt variety (2.65m). In terms of canopy spread, the maximum (4.14m) and (3.95m) were recorded from Tommy Atkins and Kent varieties respectively. While, the minimum canopy spread of (2.27m) was scored from Keitt variety. The longest fruit length of (13.87cm) was scored from Keitt variety and from the others statistically similar fruit length was recorded. The highest fruit width of 10.567cm and 9.767cm were obtained from Keitt and Apple mango varieties respectively. Whereas, the lowest values of fruit width were found in Tommy Atkins (6.533cm) and Kent variety (7.21cm). The largest fruit weight was recorded from Keitt (614.1gm) followed by Kent (493.8gm) variety. However, the lowest fruit weight was obtained from Tommy Atkins (388.3gm) and Apple mango (396.4gm). The maximum yield per tree (7.943kg) was recorded from Kent variety followed by Apple mango (6.173kg/tree). Regarding number of fruits per tree, Kent and Apple mango varieties produced highest number of fruits per tree (96.67) and (70) respectively. The maximum yields per plot were recorded from Kent (47.9kg) and Apple mango (47.41kg). Whereas, from Tommy Atkins and Keitt varieties lower number of yield per plot (27.92kg) and (12.72 kg) were scored respectively. In general, the maximum fruit yields per hectare were obtained from Kent (7,983kg) and Apple mango (7,901kg). However, the minimum yields/ha were recorded from Tommy Atkins (4,320 kg) and Keitt variety (2,120kg). Therefore, depending on their yield performances Kent and Apple mango varieties were recommended for mango producers of the study area and for similar agroecologies.
Abstract: The study was conducted in Adola Rede District, Guji Zone, in Southern Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to evaluate Mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties for their vegetative growth and yield performance. The treatments consisted of four mango varieties and the trial was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replica...
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Performance of Recently Released Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Variety (Kuma) in South Eastern Highlands of Ethiopia
Meaza Tadesse Sahile,
Birhanu Sime,
Shimiles Mebrate
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
143-147
Received:
13 July 2022
Accepted:
16 August 2022
Published:
29 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.15
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Abstract: Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important oil crops in the highlands of Ethiopia and it is considered as the least expensive source for oil related home consumptions. Linseed is an important, yet under-utilized oilseed crop of the world. It can be used as food and feed, as raw material for pharmaceuticals, industrial use, textile industries etc. It is an excellent source of omega 3 fatty acid and can be used as a substitute for non-fish eaters. Kuma (R734D x B-96/111) is a common name for the linseed variety developed through a local cross between released variety (Belay-96) and a variety developed through mutation breeding obtained from Holetta Agricultural Research Center/HARC and released in 2015 for highland areas of Arsi and West Arsi zones and other similar agro-ecologies of Ethiopia. Kuma was selected, developed and released by Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center for Arsi and West Arsi Zones and similar agro-ecologies of linseed growing areas of Ethiopia. Specifically, it was tested at Kulumsa, Bekoji, Asasa and Kofele for two years (2012/13 – 2013/14). The two consecutive years’ (2012/13 – 2013/14) tests proved its superiority in grain yield performance, stability and wide adaptation. It has good physical grain quality, resistance to powdery mildew and wilt, moderate resistance to pasmo, lodging tolerance and good biomass yield. The results of the multi-location trials revealed that Yadanno was superior in seed and oil yields performance across years and locations. The variety’s agronomic and quality merits and better performance than the checks make it dependable for similar agro-ecologies considered in the study.
Abstract: Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important oil crops in the highlands of Ethiopia and it is considered as the least expensive source for oil related home consumptions. Linseed is an important, yet under-utilized oilseed crop of the world. It can be used as food and feed, as raw material for pharmaceuticals, industrial use, textil...
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Role of Some Medicinal Plants on Growth Performance and Immune Status in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Against Aeromonas hydrophila
Seferu Tadesse,
Fikadu Hailemichael,
Legese Hagos,
Marshet Adugna
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
148-154
Received:
30 June 2022
Accepted:
16 August 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.16
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Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Alema feed incorporated with rosemary, Turmeric, and garlic with three different levels of inclusion towards immunity response, growth, and body proximate composition of Nile tilapia. Experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditioning at Sebeta National Fishery and Aquatic Life Research Center. In the experiment, 10 experimental diets were evaluated and Alema feed was used as a control. The result showed that the mean daily growth rate of garlic 8%feed (0.48 ± 0.04a) was significantly (p < 0.05) highest from other experimental diets and the lowest growth rate was observed in diets of rosemary 8% (0.40 ± 0.01e) and 12% (0.40 ± 0.06e) inclusions. The FCR values of all experimental diets were greater than 2. Body proximate composition of Nile tilapia showed a statistical difference (p < 0.05) between experimental diets. The highest protein and ash content was recorded within the garlic 8% diet, which was found d 19.25 ± 0.22 and 1.68 ± 0.01a respectively. The crude lipid content of Nile tilapia fillet found in Alema feed (1.61 ± 0.25a) was the highest in other experimental diets. The hematology responses of Nile tilapia were statically significant (p < 0.05) between experimental diets. In hemoglobin content, red blood cell, and platelet count fish feed containing 8% of garlic and 92% Alema feed show significantly high (p < 0.05) immunity development than other experimental diets. Overall incorporation of garlic with 8% to commercial fish feed has advantages to improve the immune response of fish.
Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Alema feed incorporated with rosemary, Turmeric, and garlic with three different levels of inclusion towards immunity response, growth, and body proximate composition of Nile tilapia. Experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditioning at Sebeta National Fishery and Aquatic Life Research Cente...
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Effect of Integrated Farmyard Manure and NPS Fertilizer on Maize Yield and Yield Component at Adola Rede District of Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Tesfaye Gragn Debele,
Lelo Dejene Bekele,
Demene Negese Buli
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
155-163
Received:
20 July 2022
Accepted:
19 August 2022
Published:
14 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.17
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Abstract: Low soil fertility is one of the major factors limiting maize production and productiveness in maize growing areas of Ethiopia where fertilizer use is low and no agricultural residues are left to the soil for preserving soil fertility. A field experiment had been conducted in the Adola rede district of the Guji zone to evaluate the effects of integrated FYM and NPS fertilizer application on yield and yield components of maize. Five treatments, i) 7.8 ton ha-1 farmyard manure (FYM) + 20.7/9.2/1.7 kg ha-1 N/P2O5/S, ii) 6.6 ton ha-1 farmyard manure (FYM) + 41.4/18.4/3.4 kg ha-1 N/P2O5/S, iii) 5.4 ton ha-1 farmyard manure (FYM) + 62.1/27.6/5.1 kg ha-1 N/P2O5/S, iv) 100/46/8.5 kg ha-1 N/P2O5/S (Recommended charge of N/P2O5/S) and Control (without fertilizer and FYM application) were applied. The experiment used to be organized in a randomized complete block diagram (RCBD) with three replication. The collected data were subjected to ANOVA Genstat using the 18th edition. Results showed that the mixed application of farmyard manure and NPS fertilizer significantly (P < 0.05) affected plant height, number of ears per plant, and grain yield. Significantly the best grain yield (8873 kg ha-1) and the number of ears per plant (1.5) were recorded from the mixed application of 6.6-ton ha-1 farmyard manure (FYM) + 41.4/18.4/3.4 kg ha-1 N/P2O5/S). The ear length and thousand seed weight had been now not significantly (P < 0.05) affected through NPS fertilizer and farmyard manure. Soil chemical properties such as pH, OC, Total N, available P, and CEC were increased under the utility of farmyard manure with inorganic fertilizer NPS. In conclusion, combined application of 6.6 ton ha-1 farmyard manure (FYM) with 41.4/18.4/3.4 kg ha-1 N/P2O5/S can preserve the maize production in the study area and alike agro ecology.
Abstract: Low soil fertility is one of the major factors limiting maize production and productiveness in maize growing areas of Ethiopia where fertilizer use is low and no agricultural residues are left to the soil for preserving soil fertility. A field experiment had been conducted in the Adola rede district of the Guji zone to evaluate the effects of integ...
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Effects of Number of Splitted Slips on the Development of Pineapple (Ananas Cosmosus) Seedling
Hailu Garkebo Mola,
Dejene Bekele
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
164-169
Received:
5 July 2022
Accepted:
19 August 2022
Published:
14 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20220703.18
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Abstract: A study was conducted to assess the effects of number of splitted slips on the development of pineapple seedling. A potted experiment in the greenhouse consisting of two varieties (smooth cayenne and red spanish) and four number of splited slips (2, 4, 6 and 8) in complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. All parameters were taken through eight months growing time starting from planting. The results revealed that a significant difference of the experiment, the pineapple variety red spanish performed better than the smooth cayenne in respect of some seedling growth parameters. The effects of splitting the slips in to 2 and 4 times on the variety of red spanish and smooth cayenne seedlings respectively have better plant height, number of leaves, leaf area Index, dry biomass per plant, vigor Index and Seedling Survival count. Significantly maximum fresh biomass yield was recorded by spliting red spanish slips variety in to 2 times was 23.42 gm/plant which have no biomass difference with all number of splited slips and pineapple variety combination except 6 times splited slips of the tow variety. The heights leaf area index recorded at the treatment which contain red spanish variety with 2 times splited slips and next to that planting smooth cayenne variety with 4 times splited slips. The lowest leaf area index recorded by the variety smooth cayenne splited the slips 8 times which was lower by 43.33% from the variety red Spanish splited the slips 2 times. The analysis of variance indicated significant (P < 0.05) interaction effects of pineapple variety and number of slips splited on the seedling survival count. The highest number of survived seedlings (100%) were counted by planting red spanish variety with 2 times splited slips which have significant survival difference with planting smooth cayenne slips splited 8 times (66.67%). The seedlings grown from the spliting of red Spanish slips at 2 times had significantly higher vigor index as compared with the 6 times splited slips of the two variety. Even if higher vigor index by planting smooth cayenne and red spanish variety at 4 and 2 times splited slips, which was no significant vigor index with 8 times splited pineapple slips. In general, multiplying the two-pineapple variety by splitting the slips up to 8 times had an advantage to get a good quality and much of pineapple seedling from a single slip.
Abstract: A study was conducted to assess the effects of number of splitted slips on the development of pineapple seedling. A potted experiment in the greenhouse consisting of two varieties (smooth cayenne and red spanish) and four number of splited slips (2, 4, 6 and 8) in complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. All parameters were taken t...
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