Pruning Effects on the Health of Indian Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn) in Agroforestry Conditions of South India
Ramachandran Sundararaj,
Soma Mondal,
Mustipally Kanthareddy
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
1-6
Received:
18 March 2019
Accepted:
29 April 2019
Published:
12 June 2019
Abstract: Surveys in south India revealed that Santalum album Linn. is commonly grown with forest trees and horticultural and agricultural crops. As a silvicultural practices in cultivation of S. album though pruning is not recommended many farmers follow the practice of regular pruning there by adversely affecting the health of trees. Severely pruned trees were found losing their erectness and bending indicating that pruning causes change, disorder and affect many physiological functions resulting in deterioration of overall tree health. The wounds caused by pruning sever tissue connections and enhances the infection of decay fungi. It attracts the infestation of insect pests particularly the stem and wood borers. The incidence of bark caterpillar Indarbela quardinotata Walker, red stems borer Zeuzera coffeae Nietn. and heart wood borer Aristobia octofasciculata Aurivillius was found significantly higher in pruned plantations compared un-pruned plantations. The heartwood loss ranging from 22.6 to 34.5% was observed during extraction and this loss might be attributed due to the adverse effect of pruning and other mechanical injuries inducing infection of decay fungi and infestation of stem borers in young plantations of S. album. Hence, to avoid not only the pruning but also any silvicultural practices that cause injury to sandalwood are recommended for its healthy growth and thereby to obtain desirable returns.
Abstract: Surveys in south India revealed that Santalum album Linn. is commonly grown with forest trees and horticultural and agricultural crops. As a silvicultural practices in cultivation of S. album though pruning is not recommended many farmers follow the practice of regular pruning there by adversely affecting the health of trees. Severely pruned trees ...
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Cloning and Expression Analysis of GmCYP78A5 Promoter
Xiaofeng Chen,
Qiuli Du,
Chunmei Zhao,
Zhaoyong Lv,
Ren-Gao Xue
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
7-11
Received:
21 April 2019
Accepted:
17 June 2019
Published:
4 July 2019
Abstract: CYP78A5 promoter was isolated from soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) plant by using PCR technology. DNA sequence alignment indicated that the amplified fragment (1650bp) was 99.21% homologous to the correspondent regions of the reported sequences. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the GmCYP78A5 promoter contains a lot of inducible or tissue-specific expression elements. RT-PCR results indicated that the gene GmCYP78A5 highly expressed in immature seed, weekly expressed in stem of soybean, but no expressed in root, leaf and flower. To further study the tissue expression patterns of GmCYP78A5 gene, the promoter of the gene GmCYP78A5 was fused with GUS reporter gene to construct a plant expression vector and the vector was transformed into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by Agrobacterium-meditated method. The expression of the GUS gene in the transgenic tobacco plants indicated that the GmCYP78A5 promoter could drive the GUS reporter gene to express highly in the leaf, stem, sepal, pedicel, seeds of the transgenic tobacco plants, demonstrating that the expression patterns of the GmCYP78A5 promoters in soybean and tobacco were inconsistent.
Abstract: CYP78A5 promoter was isolated from soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) plant by using PCR technology. DNA sequence alignment indicated that the amplified fragment (1650bp) was 99.21% homologous to the correspondent regions of the reported sequences. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the GmCYP78A5 promoter contains a lot of inducible or tissue-specif...
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